International Management Borders and Cultures

Question: Examine about the International Management for Borders and Cultures. Answer: Presentation This article is surrounded to upgrade learning and information about business morals in promoting. When all is said in done, the morals in promoting alludes to standards or set of accepted rules, which each advertiser and business substance needs to follow. The paper gives the kinds of showcasing morals and their importance in business. The exposition will basically assess the importance of morals standards and moral benefits of promoting for practical business development and accomplishment of an association. Harvey Norman and McDonald are the two associations that are chosen in this article for understanding moral issues looked by business firms in advertising. This would be useful to comprehend handy importance of advertising morals in corporate division. Morals in Marketing: Advertising morals can be characterized as the arrangement of rules, standards, qualities and code of behaviors, which direct in promoting choices, guidelines, activities, and systems to guarantee their moral qualities and to guarantee that they are morally qualified to be executed (Patrick et al, 2012). Showcasing morals is one of the parts of the business morals. Advertising morals is of two sorts, which are regulating morals and positive morals. Standardizing morals is the arrangement of standards and strategies, which gives support of what's up and what is directly in the advertising rehearses. Too, positive morals clarify the profound quality and sound judgment, which helps in taking the moral promoting choices. Moral issues in the showcasing are the circumstance or issue, where an organization neglects to meet moral qualities in its advertising activities. Showcasing moral issues may happen in publicizing, promoting division and focusing on, advertising research, protection, individual selling, deals the executives, advertising procedure and activities, bundling, and marking. Besides, the rising moral issues in advertising are dread interests, contortions, bogus proclamation, bogus case, and wrong data about the item or administrations (Ferrell et al, 2013). Aside from this, showcasing research includes control, trickiness, camouflage and improper data of exploration reason. These are the fundamental issues right now radiating in the showcasing exploration of the organizations (Smith et al., 2012). Alongside this, the most basic moral issues, which are looked by Australian firms, are misdirecting data about item detail, nature of item, bigotry, subjective discord, encroachment, and elective receipt, trickiness, control, bundling and marking of the items. Moral Issues of Harvey Norman: Harvey Norman is one of the biggest worldwide retail area associations having an Australian cause. The organization is managing in different items, for example, hardware, furniture and so forth. Harvey Norman came in title texts of the paper in 2011, when it did some untrustworthy promoting of their items. The association misdirects the clients by the incorrect method of commercial technique to purchase their item. In this promotion crusade, the association did ad with the tag of 3D Finals Fever trademark. On that time there, AFL and NRL competitions were going on. The association utilized this competition notoriety to sell its 3D TVs. The association encouraged the buyers to watch the last of AFL and NRL competitions in 3D by buying their TV. They did this promotion in the entire nation in spite of actuality that there was no accessibility of 3D broadcasting in the entire nation. In Australia, scarcely any urban communities were having the 3D broadcasting office on that time. Court of Australia saw Harvey Norman was as blameworthy for misdirecting the customers under its showcasing technique and forced fine of $1.25 million on the association. Because of this occurrence, the trust or unwavering quality of the association in the market got injured and the association lose its large piece of the overall industry. Along these lines, the unscrupulous promoting by Harvey and Norman influenced the i ncome of association adversely. In 2013, association additionally does one progressively exploitative thing by distorting the buyer rights for the guarantee time frame. It forced different deceptive terms and conditions that affected the enthusiasm of purchaser contrarily, for example, customer need to advise the association under 24 hours regarding harm of item, shopper additionally need to give some sum as a handling charge for fix and substitution of item under guarantee period (Jager, 2013). Australian Competition Consumer Commission (ACCC) prosecuted the association for this and desire the court to force punishment on the association. At some point associations utilized these sorts of systems to expand the absolute income and piece of the pie in spite of that these things are exploitative. At times, these systems likewise gave negative outcomes and because of that, association may lose its current piece of the overall industry. This thing was occurred with Harvey Norman in 2011 and 2013. Moral Issues in McDonald: McDonalds is a major brand in worldwide inexpensive food industry. It is celebrated on the planet and McDonalds has numerous clients. McDonald sells burgers, French fries, Fried chicken and pop. Its items are delectable and cost is modest as looked at of different companys items. There are some moral issues looked by McDonalds in selling cheap food (Ferrell et al, 2013). The organization sold chicken wings in the wake of cooking of hour and a half, yet as per rules of government, organization can't sell chicken wings in the wake of cooking of 30 moment. Moreover, Staff of the McDonald store changed the expiry date of the items. Aside from this, staffs got hamburgers, which had fallen on the ground and they pressed it in the bundle. As indicated by the standard of McDonalds, its pies ought to be sold in the hour and a half after seared of pies. Staff ought to have checked expiry date on the bundle of items however staff didn't stamp careful date of pies (Deresk, 2011). Staff did this, since they need to diminish cost and need to procure an ever increasing number of benefits. As per McDonalds proclamation, it vowed to clients the offer of just new items with high caliber and wellbeing, however ordinarily in the quality testing by the separate association it was discovered that the nature of food was bad. The association was selling food after expiry date. Aside from this, it was not reasonable what they accomplished for making more benefit. As indicated by morals of showcasing, McDonalds ought not sell the items after expiry date. It could be destructive for clients wellbeing; numerous clients precluded purchasing items from claiming McDonald, in light of the fact that client got injured and it broke the trust of clients. It guaranteed security of clients wellbeing however its item was undependable for clients wellbeing. McDonalds reported that they keep neatness and never bargain in items cost and quality. Be that as it may, McDonalds didn't performed, what it has vowed to clients. Its staffs sold food, which had slipped on the ground from their hand. Moreover, clients discernment had changed towards McDonalds; they thought its items are hurtful for wellbeing. Clients changed their image faithfulness and they bought different companys inexpensive food. Alongside this, McDonalds ought to be straightforward to clients and it ought not have broken the trust of clients it would be hazardous for them two (clients and friend s). Organization ought to have served food with high caliber and security, and ought not have broken the dedication. There is another showcasing moral issue looked by the organization. McDonalds concentrated on kids for showcasing of items. It gave upbeat dinner to kids. It got well known, on the grounds that it gave plays with cheerful dinner nourishments. In 2010, Monet Parham sued on McDonalds on the grounds that her girls were contending with her for upbeat suppers. At whatever point the little girls of monet perham encouraged her to buy glad supper for her and when she denied then her girls were crying (Rucki, 2010). She exhausted from the conduct of her little girls that was the explanation she sued on the McDonalds. She asserted that beguiling publicizing affected her youngsters for cheerful dinners. Aside from this, McDonalds had created undesirable dietary patterns through their publicizing of upbeat dinner. McDonalds concentrated on kids, since kids can't accepting food if children will oblige their folks, their deals will be expanded on the grounds that guardians will likewise buy the no urishment for self with their children. Moreover, McDonalds made this methodology to make more benefit Just on the grounds that children could convince their folks and guardians consistently satisfy wishes of children. End On premise of above investigation, it tends to be inferred that morals assumes significant job in viability of promoting rehearses. Disappointment of associations to conform to morals standards may disintegrate brand picture and deals of organization in advertise. It is recognized from the exposition that there are two sorts of promoting morals, for example, standardizing morals and the positive morals. Alongside this, it can likewise be finished up from above examination that deceptive method of showcasing, or companys inability to embrace moral promoting can prompt claims and administrative aggravations against organization. This can influence the deals and benefit of organization in negative manner. On premise of above article, it tends to be prescribed to associations to structure their showcasing rehearses mindfully. References Deresk, H. (2011). Worldwide administration overseeing across outskirts and societies. USA: Prentice Hall. Moral issues looked by McDonalds (2015). Recovered from: https://reportstation.com/2714/mcdonalds/ Ferrell, C. also, Keig, D. (2013). The advertising morals course: Current state and future headings, Journal of Marketing Education, 02-10. Jager, c. (2013). Harvey Norman Stores To Face Court Over Consumer Rights Violations. Recovered from: https://www.lifehacker.com.au/2013/06/harvey-norman-to-confront court-once more over-purchaser rights-infringement/ McDonalds (2016). McDonalds dispatches sanitation checks at all outlets. Recovered from: https://www.shanghai.gov.cn

The Harlem Renaissance John Birks Gillespie and Selma Burke free essay sample

The Harlem Renaissance was a period of extraordinary achievements among African Americans. Mary gems, verse, and music during this time got striking even to today. Two rousing individuals of this timespan were John Barks Gillespie and Selma Burke. John Barks Dizzy Gillespie was conceived on October 21, 1917 in Cherry, South Carolina. He was the most youthful of nine kids. His dad, James Gillespie, was a bricklayer and a performer as an afterthought. His mom, Little Pope Gillespie, was a house spouse and a full time mother.By the age of 12, Gillespie had involvement with playing the IANA and would have liked to some time or another Join the school band. He is a tease begun playing the trombone yet changed to the trumpet since he enjoyed the sound better. His family battled with destitution after his dad kicked the bucket when he was ten. This kept him from getting his own instrument. Albeit, through his battles, he despite everything figured out how to be an extremely talented trumpet player yet just in one key. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Harlem Renaissance: John Birks Gillespie and Selma Burke or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page He earned a grant to Laurelling Tech in North Carolina. He considered hypothesis and concordance and concluded that music would be his profession.While Gillespie was with the Frankie Fairfax band, the band chief, Fats Palmer, flippantly gave Dizzy his name. Gillespie played In a few melodic gatherings Including the Teddy Hill Orchestra (1 937), the Cab Galloway Band (1939), and the Earl Hines Band (1941). He had numerous unmistakable qualities about himself that turned into his trademarks. His most well known trademarks were his expanding cheeks, improved horn, and fun character. To gain more cash, he composed courses of action for different groups. Counting one of his first courses of action, Planck the Cabbage, composed for Cab Galloway. In the backtalk, with the assistance of Charlie Parker, Theologies Monk, and Kenny Clarke, Gillespie made another sort of music called bebop. From the start, numerous artists didn't take to the new type of music. However, subsequent to playing with famous performers, including Ella Fitzgerald, Duke Elongating, and some more, Gillespie established his own band in 1945. In 1947 Gillespie made melodies incorporated with bebop and Afro-Cuban rhythms. A portion of these tunes become blockbusters, similar to the tune Cuban Be, Cuban Bop. Gillespie band made Its official presentation at Carnegie Hall In September of 1947 (Smith, 459).He kept on refining bebop and in 1956 the U. S. Division of State requested that Gillespie speak to the nation and take a band on a voyage through Europe, Africa, and the Middle East (Smith, 459). Gillespie kept creation music and performing up to 300 shows per year. In 1988 his new band recorded Dizzy Gillespie and the assembled Nations symphony: Live at Royal Festival Hall in London which won a Grammar Award in 1 991 . He won two additional Grammas before that in 1975 and 1980. In IEEE was respected with a year-long precious stone Jubilee for his 50 years of execution and his 75th birthday celebration (Smith, 460).He performed for four presidents and won the renowned Kennedy Center Award. Gillespie additionally composed a self-portrayal called To Be Or Not to Bob Memoirs distributed 1 OFF associated with his astounding ability and extraordinary character by all whom he cherished and roused. Another outstanding African American during this time was Selma burke, a moving craftsman and stone carver. Selma Hornets Burke was conceived on December 31, 1900 in Impressible, North Carolina. She was one of ten offspring of Neal and Mary Jackson Burke. Her affection for workmanship began when she was very young.Her father was a clergyman that ventured to the far corners of the planet and when hed return from abroad he would carry customary artistic work questions alongside him. Burke likewise had two uncles who additionally went for the most part to Africa. They brought back bunches of conventional strict African figures and veils which were given to the Burkes after their demises. In this manner, African craftsmanship was one of Salaams first references to workmanship (Whine, 191). Burke went to the main dark grade school in the Washington, D. C. Territory. Sadly, the school offered no consolation for the arts.She, rather, was mother educated by William Arial, a white man who likewise supported her adoration for workmanship. She later went to Winston-Salem High School and her mom encouraged her to get a useful training. So she went to SST. Agnes School of Nursing and turned into an enrolled nurture in 1924. Subsequent to moving and proceeding with her instruction in nursing, Burke wedded Duran Woodward who eleven months after the fact, kicked the bucket of blood harming. She turned into an individual medical attendant for a well off Otis Elevator beneficiary and was practically unaffected by the Great Depression.Burke moved to New York in 1935 and took on a demonstrating Job and co-composed the Liberator with Claude McKay. In 1938, she went through a year in Europe finding out about various methods and expressions. After that she sought after an expert degree in form at Columbia University. She graduated with a M. F. A. In 1941 and even got an opportunity to give her work at the McMillan Galleries in New York City. However, during World War II, Burke Joined the Ana yet was hospitalized after a back physical issue. She later entered an opposition to make a profile picture of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944.She had different private sit-downs with the president himself to get the irregularity Just right. She needed this to be the best bit of model I had ever done (Whine, 192). She made a 36 by 26 bronze plaque in profile with the four opportunities recorded along the top. It was placed in the Recorder of Deeds Building in Washington, D. C. The plaque was uncovered by Frederick Weaver on September 24, 1945. John R. Meeting, the man who structured Roosevelt profile on the dime, use Salaams plaque as a principle reference. Burke instructed at numerous schools for an incredible duration. She even got remarried and moved to Pennsylvania.

Milgram experiment analysis The WritePass Journal

Milgram try investigation Milgram’s Study of Obedience Milgram try investigation Milgram’s Study of ObedienceSituational InfluenceReferencesRelated Milgram’s Study of Obedience The name Stanley Milgram is eponymous with the investigation of submission. In his dubious 1970s investigation of the human conduct, Milgram (1974) found that when under heading from an individual from power, study members could be told to incur a 450 volt electric stun on another person.. In one examination, Milgram (1974) doled out members to the job of ‘teacher’ or ‘learner’. Unbeknown to the members, they would just ever be allocated to the job of educator. As the educator, members were informed that they were to examine the impacts of discipline on learning. The educator regulated a learning errand to the student who was situated in an alternate room, and the student showed their reaction through catches that lit up answer lights on the teacher’s side of the divider. At the point when the students gave off base answers, the members were told by the experimenter to regulate the student an electric stun. Once more, unbeknown to the member instructors, the stuns were not really controlled and the students were acting confederates. The educator was likewise taught to build the voltage of the electric stun with each off-base answer gave. As the voltage arrived at 150 volts, the student would shout cries of dissent, which could be heard by the instructor member through the divider. At 300 volts, the student wouldn't respond to the inquiry, and at 330 volts they made no reaction at all to the stun, reminiscent of absence of awareness. At whatever point the member floundered or gave indications of protection from controlling the stun, they would be provoked to proceed by the experimenter. The investigation possibly finished when the educator would not manage the stun in light of guidance after four prompts, or after the most extreme stun had been given. In 65% of cases, the members directed the most extreme stun of 450 volts, a stun that was set apart on the seriousness as â€Å"XXX†, following the depiction â€Å"Danger: Severe Shock† at 375 volts. Milgram’s (1974) showing of the agitating abilities of human conduct presents numerous inquiries with regards to why such huge numbers of individuals had not quit managing the stuns when they realized that the student was in critical misery. Was it that these people would have acted along these lines whatever the condition? Is it safe to say that they were instances of the pernicious side of human instinct? Or on the other hand were there many contributing components about the situation that driven these people to carry on in such a manner as opposed to all desires for human benefiance? This article will intend to address these inquiries through crafted by Milgram and his counterparts. Situational Influence The discoveries of a previous examination by Milgram (1963) gave proof that the people managing the stuns were not carrying on of their own craving for cold-bloodedness, yet rather were acting in struggle with their needed or anticipated conduct. Milgram (1963) found that managing stuns made the members experience â€Å"extreme anxious tension†, exhibited by perspiring, trembling, stammering, and even apprehensive giggling. Burger (2009) suggests that regardless of the numerous endeavors to decipher the aftereffects of Milgram’s (1974) test, the central matter of accord is the significance of situational powers in affecting an individual’s conduct. Furthermore recommending this is something thought little of by most people. This was featured by the assessments of Yale understudies and therapists who were consistent in their conviction that practically nobody would proceed with the investigation to the point of maximal stun (Milgram, 1974). Burger (2009) proposes a convincing explanation as to Milgram’s members were so prepared to oversee possibly deadly stuns under the guidance of the experimenter; that of the intensity of power. The test gives an original case of the wonder of acquiescence, where people adjust (frequently without wanting to) to a power figure (Martin Hewstone, 2009). This acquiescence to expert in the relinquishment of coalition to profound quality (Elms, 1995) is something that has not exclusively been exhibited in investigate examines, saw from the despicable violations submitted by those under the standard of Hitler in Nazi Germany (Cialdini Goldstein, 2004), to the practices of self-destructive strict cliques. While Milgram’s (1974) experimenter had both authenticity and mastery (Morelli, 1983) with association to the college, the investigation, and to science (Burger, 2009), other acquiescence has been appeared to happen without this (Blass, 1999), in this way recommending other sit uational impacts at play. The significance of the experimenter’s ability may have been of essential essentialness in Milgram’s (1974) examine, in that the situation was not one that any of the members had encountered previously. Burger (2009) recommends that without some other wellsprings of data, the members go to the consolation of the experimenter who doesn't appear to be annoyed by the cries from the student and demands the continuation of the trial. For this situation, it might be proposed that the members concede to the mastery of the experimenter, accepting that they will educate the most fitting activity. As indicated by Milgram (1974), this has ground-breaking suggestions for the deciding impact of the circumstance on the activity of people. Kolowsky et al. (2001) propose two sorts of power; that got from delicate impacts which results from factors inside the affecting specialist (eg. Believability and mastery) and that got from outer social structures, (for example, chain of command) known as brutal sources. It might be reasoned that Milgram’s experimenter depicted both of these, maybe clarifying why the circumstance incited such significant levels of submission. Burger (2009) additionally proposes that the degrees of dutifulness of the members in Milgram’s (1974) investigation might be credited to the steady increment in requests of the experimenter. He proposes that the 15-volt increases made an undertaking that step by step expanded sought after being put on the members. At first members would give stuns to the student causing just a slight distress, in any case, before the finish of the analysis, the members were consenting to give stuns that were named ‘Severe’. Freedman and Fraser (1966) exhibited the intensity of the alleged ‘foot-in-the-door’ impact, demonstrating that people that originally agreed to a little, negligibly obtrusive solicitation were bound to consent to a bigger related solicitation. The creators suggested that the circumstance delivered a change upon the participants’ self-discernment, where after consenting to the main solicitation they credit the attributes mirroring their pas t activities (ie. I am somebody that consents to such asks for) which at that point impacts their resulting activities. Burger (2009) proposes that the longing for individual consistency might be a factor with such gradual voltage increment, where declining the 195 volt stun would be troublesome having quite recently squeezed the 180 volt switch. The Milgram (1974) explore likewise brings up the issue of the job of duty in dutifulness. Under power, it might have been that the people had the option to proceed with the conduct because of a reduced awareness of other's expectations for their activities. Bandura (1999) proposes this happens as when not seeing themselves as the specialists of their activities, people are along these lines saved their self-denouncing responses. It shows up, subsequently, that given an alternate circumstance, a significant number of the members in Milgram’s (1974) investigation may have acted in an unexpected way. Questions are raised regarding whether they would have submitted a similar demonstration without a lessened obligation, or if the experimenter had at first requested that they give the student the most elevated voltage stun. Zimbardo (1972) shows the significance of the circumstance because of human conduct in his ‘Stanford Prison Experiment’. Haphazardly relegated to be detainees or watchmen, members in Zimbardo’s (1972) test took on their jobs with furthest point and flurry. With significance to the conduct evoked by Milgram in his trials, the conduct of the watchmen is quite compelling. When given the force loaded job (Zimbardo, 1972), and confronted with detainee disobedience, the watchmen utilized physical and mental strategies to confound, scare, and badger the detainees. While not complying with a specific authority aside from the requests of the analysis, these ‘guards’ had gotten blinded by the circumstance, outlining how situational limits can drastically adjust social standards. By day 5 of the test, detainees were pulled back and acting in obsessive manners. None of the individuals associated with the investigation demanded the cessation of the analysis, which had, by day 6, become of truly faulty ethical quality. In Zimbardo’s (1972) analyze, the watchmen, chose for being illustrative of the normal white collar class American, with better than expected insight and enthusiastic dependability (Haney, Banks Zimbardo, 1973), showed hostile to social and obsessive conduct, a marvel later depicted by Zimbardo as ‘The Lucifer Effect’ (Zimbardo, 2007). This was something that Haney et al. (1973) proposed happened because of the pathology of the circumstance instead of the idea of those that entered it. With the idea of the circumstance recommended as such an incredible impact over human dutifulness, crafted by Burger (2009) assists with researching the elements basic the wonder of such ethically degenerate conduct. B

Business Decision Making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Business Decision Making - Assignment Example elective theory and reason that there is a huge contrast between the example mean (normal time to takeoff station 16.68) and the populace mean (20 minutes, study previously directed). In light of the above table outcomes, the likelihood of hugeness is 0.948 (>0.05), we acknowledge our invalid theory and presume that the interim to takeoff station among guys and females isn't essentially unique. They are on par. Invalid Hypothesis H0: There is no critical distinction between the example mean (normal number of times 12.06) and the populace mean (multiple times). The populace SD isn't known, so we can use test SD (standard deviation). The example size is 250. Elective Hypothesis H1: There is a huge contrast between the example mean and the populace mean. The populace SD isn't known, so we can use test SD (standard deviation). The example size is 250. =3.73 with likelihood 0.000096 Hence we dismiss the invalid theory and acknowledge the elective speculation and infer that there is a critical distinction between the example mean (normal no. of times each month voyaged i.e.12.06) and the populace mean (multiple times). In view of the above table outcomes, the likelihood of centrality is 0.517 (>0.05), we acknowledge our invalid theory and reason that the interims venture made every month among guys and females isn't altogether extraordinary. They are on par. Question 7: Thinking about the station you went FROM, it would be ideal if you rate how fulfilled you are with the accompanying perspectives [facilities, rail administrations, availability, open vehicle data, individual safety] Translation: Since the chi square estimation of 0.93 with likelihood 0.92 (>0.05), isn't critical, we acknowledge our invalid speculation and reason that there is no relationship among sexual orientation and evaluations on close to home security. The extent of guys who are exceptionally disappointed are 22/142 and that of females is 17/108. So from extents test between

Blog Archive Harvard Business School Tops the 2020 Financial Times Global MBA Ranking

Blog Archive Harvard Business School Tops the 2020 Financial Times Global MBA Ranking Harvard Business School When the Financial Times (FT) released its 2020 Global MBA Ranking this week, it featured a new program in the number-one slot: Harvard Business School. The well-known program is no stranger to the FT ranking’s top spot, however, having most recently held the position in 2015. Last year’s top program, Stanford Business School, is ranked third this year, and the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania is second, up from fourth in 2019. Although schools based in the United States fill the rankings top three spots, the other programs that round out the top ten are notably international. INSEAD, which has campuses in France and Singapore, is ranked fourth, down one position from 2019. The China Europe International Business School, perhaps better known as CEIBS, remains firmly at fifth, while London Business School is seventh, down just a bit from last years sixth. HEC Paris is one of the most notable risers of the yearâ€"the school rose ten spots from 19th position to ninth . The full list features many international schools that were not included in 2019s ranking, including the Renmin University of China Business School, the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics College of Business, EDHEC Business School (based in France), and the City University of Hong Kong. Some of these programs appear for the first time in FT history. Another international school, IE Business School, experienced a notable drop this year, moving from 31 to 52â€"a far cry from its rank of eighth in 2017 (the program was not ranked in 2018 after the FT reported finding “inconsistencies” in the school’s alumni surveys). Share ThisTweet Harvard University (Harvard Business School) HEC Paris INSEAD Stanford University (Stanford Graduate School of Business) University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)

A Critical Analysis of the Process of Developing Students Lottery - 2750 Words

A Critical Analysis of the Process of Developing Students Lottery (Essay Sample) Content: A critical analysis of the process of developing student lotteryStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameCourse name and numberInstructorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameDate of submissionIntroductionA business by the name "Students Lottery" engages in selling tickets for winning prizes to students in the tower bar of the University of Lincoln. The prizes won depends on the content of the ticket purchased. There are 10 prizes won at end of the sale of tickets in which each ticket has a description of the prize won. Those students who lose get tickets written "Thank youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , appreciating them for their active participation even if they lost. The prizes won by the students include laptops and nightclub tickets.Four people manage the lottery business, each individual being responsible for his or her sector as there are four sectors. Those sectors are the finance part in charge of controlling all the resources in the business. The marketing sector is accountable for the management of sale of t he tickets and makes sure that the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s needs and tastes are fulfilled. The sale sector ensures that the tickets are sold to the students and decide on the most appropriate methods and time of selling them. Lastly, there is the product sector that ensures that the tickets are printed well and in time and buys, the prizes won in the lottery.The lottery business is more or less similar to gambling games, which have a lot of influence to people living in the United Kingdom CITATION Pre13 \l 1033 (Press 2013). The only difference between the Students Lottery and gambling is that one is only allowed to buy one ticket daily at a price of one pound. In gambling, one buys as many tickets depending on his or her purchasing power leading to use of resources meant for other purposes in gambling. The only similarity is that they are addictive making the students participate daily and in the process they get prizes such as laptops. The tickets are however offered at a reasonable price of one pound so that all students can manage to pay for them. Therefore, the problem gambler is much reduced among the students who are the target clients of the business.In the course of planning for the business enterprise, a market research is done among the students in the tower bar of the University of Lincoln. According to the total number of students that participated in the research, 80% like the business while the 20% does not. As the majority of the students like it, it is at a higher opportunity of growing fast in a very short period. The use of social media like Twitter is in the process, a step that will help in maximizing the sale of tickets and channel of information to the students on the progression of the business without meeting them in person.The partners of this business aim at increasing their sales with time so that they can have enough resources to start similar businesses all over the country. This is a wonderful move as they will be at a better place to take over all the lottery businesses within the country. Having many branches commensurate making more profits in all the branches scattered in the country. This paper aims at getting an analysis of the procedure used while developing a business plan by considering the Students Lottery.Merits of the opportunityThe lottery business is likely to grow as it is based on gambling, an activity liked by most people in the United Kingdom. Statistics made by the Gambling Commission shows that 73% of the people in UK have engaged in gambling at least once in their lifetime CITATION Pre13 \l 1033 (Press 2013). Therefore, it is a very opportunistic business to venture in, as students are no exemptions from the statistics results. The business will be a bit different from gambling, as students will win prizes some of which are helpful in improving their academic performance. The prizes are going to persuade more students to try their luck in winning them. They will thus play many times and inform other students to buy the tickets making a chance in winning the prizes.The business does not cause a problem gambler although it is based on gambling. The tickets are sold at one pound each, which is a fair price to the students at the University of Lincoln. More so, there are rules governing the lottery such that a student is only allowed to buy one ticket daily. This rule ensures that all students have equal opportunities in winning the prizes and will do away with chances of a student engaging in crime in order to get money for buying many tickets daily CITATION Joa14 \l 1033 (Saisan 2014). More so, none of the student will overspend his/her pocket money in buying many tickets while foregoing other important items such as books and pens.The business is helpful to students who are the participants of the lottery. After buying a ticket daily, the students will be in a position to win different prizes like shopping vouchers. However, not all students win the prizes; some wa lk away empty handed to try another time. Winning depends on the content of the ticket, as those with the words à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"thank youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ will have to try their luck another time. The different prizes won in the lottery, which include laptops and shopping vouchers, will be useful to students and even motivate them to work harder in their schoolwork.The lottery business needs less amount of capital in order to start. The only amount needed at the beginning is that of printing the tickets. It is after selling them that the money for buying the prizes can be got making it easier to start it. According to the financial plan, only 31 pounds are needed to print the 520 tickets. This amount is small and can be got easily without borrowing loans from financial institutions, which are some interests CITATION Tho13 \l 1033 (Piketty 2013).The lottery is easy to manage as only four people are needed each heading his or her sector. These sectors are four, namely: the sales, finance, m arketing and the product sector. The management is also flexible in that the head of one department can help the head of another department in case there is need for an extra hand in the course of running the business. Flexibility will ensure that no sector is left behind in the growth of the business such that no retardation will be experienced.The partners have fully used opportunity recognition theories in determining the type of business activity to venture. The theories are useful when one is opening a fresh business as they help one critically analyze the business fully. The urge to continue doing the business depends on how the partners find it after putting the theories in consideration. The main objective of the theories is to come up with a type of business, which is gainful. The partners forego the unprofitable businesses and only take the most profitable one in case they have many choices of business ideas.Market researchIn carrying out the market research, a survey is c arried out in the tower bar of the University of Lincoln. The target group for this survey are the students who are asked on their views about the "Student Lottery" business CITATION Don \l 1033 (Doman 2006). During the survey, telephone calls are made to different students in order to gather data on the lottery. The main reason for using telephone calls is that research has proved that most people in the UK own a phone. Therefore, it is easy to reach out many students in a month; the time allocated to the survey.The telephone survey is also cheaper and more effective than other types of surveys like the mail and in-person survey. The mail surveys, which entail sending questionnaires to the target group, may fail due to unanswered questions as well as their low rates of responsiveness, which is about 3 to 5 percent CITATION Don \l 1033 (Doman 2006). The in-person surveys are tiresome and require many people while approaching a large number of people. The telephone survey is there fore the most appropriate way of carrying out the market research although interviews are also used in this case as they offer a chance for getting clearer feedback. Out of all the students involved, 80% gave a positive review on the "Students Lottery" while the 20% did not like the idea. These results are encouraging and motivate the entrepreneurs in starting up the business as majority of the students like what they are up to.During the process, the entrepreneurs are able to gather different information about their business to be. The students proposes the kinds of presents that they want to be winning, an information that enables the entrepreneurs know what the students like and therefore they can modify it before the business commence CITATION The10 \l 1033 (The Staff of Entrepreneur Media 2010). Apart from that, the entrepreneurs are able to know where the lottery tickets are affordable to the students. The information on the affordability of the tickets helps the entrepreneur s approximate the number on students who can buy the tickets even before starting the business. In case many students complain on the cost of tickets, the entrepreneurs have to reduce it in order to suit the studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s purchasing power.The partners need to have an analysis on their customers who are students and see how long they can rely on them. This step helps in knowing whether the business will grow or will just boom and then fail. Many business enterprises start without the entrepreneurs taking chance in considering the duration the customers will be stuck with them. Another way of finding out whether the business will go further is by ensuring that they have savings for their business. The partners having a joint business should not share all the profit but should share some and save the rest of the money. This amount will be useful when planning to start similar lottery business across the country.Financial planningThe Stu... A Critical Analysis of the Process of Developing Students Lottery - 2750 Words A Critical Analysis of the Process of Developing Students Lottery (Essay Sample) Content: A critical analysis of the process of developing student lotteryStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameCourse name and numberInstructorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameDate of submissionIntroductionA business by the name "Students Lottery" engages in selling tickets for winning prizes to students in the tower bar of the University of Lincoln. The prizes won depends on the content of the ticket purchased. There are 10 prizes won at end of the sale of tickets in which each ticket has a description of the prize won. Those students who lose get tickets written "Thank youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , appreciating them for their active participation even if they lost. The prizes won by the students include laptops and nightclub tickets.Four people manage the lottery business, each individual being responsible for his or her sector as there are four sectors. Those sectors are the finance part in charge of controlling all the resources in the business. The marketing sector is accountable for the management of sale of t he tickets and makes sure that the customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s needs and tastes are fulfilled. The sale sector ensures that the tickets are sold to the students and decide on the most appropriate methods and time of selling them. Lastly, there is the product sector that ensures that the tickets are printed well and in time and buys, the prizes won in the lottery.The lottery business is more or less similar to gambling games, which have a lot of influence to people living in the United Kingdom CITATION Pre13 \l 1033 (Press 2013). The only difference between the Students Lottery and gambling is that one is only allowed to buy one ticket daily at a price of one pound. In gambling, one buys as many tickets depending on his or her purchasing power leading to use of resources meant for other purposes in gambling. The only similarity is that they are addictive making the students participate daily and in the process they get prizes such as laptops. The tickets are however offered at a reasonable price of one pound so that all students can manage to pay for them. Therefore, the problem gambler is much reduced among the students who are the target clients of the business.In the course of planning for the business enterprise, a market research is done among the students in the tower bar of the University of Lincoln. According to the total number of students that participated in the research, 80% like the business while the 20% does not. As the majority of the students like it, it is at a higher opportunity of growing fast in a very short period. The use of social media like Twitter is in the process, a step that will help in maximizing the sale of tickets and channel of information to the students on the progression of the business without meeting them in person.The partners of this business aim at increasing their sales with time so that they can have enough resources to start similar businesses all over the country. This is a wonderful move as they will be at a better place to take over all the lottery businesses within the country. Having many branches commensurate making more profits in all the branches scattered in the country. This paper aims at getting an analysis of the procedure used while developing a business plan by considering the Students Lottery.Merits of the opportunityThe lottery business is likely to grow as it is based on gambling, an activity liked by most people in the United Kingdom. Statistics made by the Gambling Commission shows that 73% of the people in UK have engaged in gambling at least once in their lifetime CITATION Pre13 \l 1033 (Press 2013). Therefore, it is a very opportunistic business to venture in, as students are no exemptions from the statistics results. The business will be a bit different from gambling, as students will win prizes some of which are helpful in improving their academic performance. The prizes are going to persuade more students to try their luck in winning them. They will thus play many times and inform other students to buy the tickets making a chance in winning the prizes.The business does not cause a problem gambler although it is based on gambling. The tickets are sold at one pound each, which is a fair price to the students at the University of Lincoln. More so, there are rules governing the lottery such that a student is only allowed to buy one ticket daily. This rule ensures that all students have equal opportunities in winning the prizes and will do away with chances of a student engaging in crime in order to get money for buying many tickets daily CITATION Joa14 \l 1033 (Saisan 2014). More so, none of the student will overspend his/her pocket money in buying many tickets while foregoing other important items such as books and pens.The business is helpful to students who are the participants of the lottery. After buying a ticket daily, the students will be in a position to win different prizes like shopping vouchers. However, not all students win the prizes; some wa lk away empty handed to try another time. Winning depends on the content of the ticket, as those with the words à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"thank youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ will have to try their luck another time. The different prizes won in the lottery, which include laptops and shopping vouchers, will be useful to students and even motivate them to work harder in their schoolwork.The lottery business needs less amount of capital in order to start. The only amount needed at the beginning is that of printing the tickets. It is after selling them that the money for buying the prizes can be got making it easier to start it. According to the financial plan, only 31 pounds are needed to print the 520 tickets. This amount is small and can be got easily without borrowing loans from financial institutions, which are some interests CITATION Tho13 \l 1033 (Piketty 2013).The lottery is easy to manage as only four people are needed each heading his or her sector. These sectors are four, namely: the sales, finance, m arketing and the product sector. The management is also flexible in that the head of one department can help the head of another department in case there is need for an extra hand in the course of running the business. Flexibility will ensure that no sector is left behind in the growth of the business such that no retardation will be experienced.The partners have fully used opportunity recognition theories in determining the type of business activity to venture. The theories are useful when one is opening a fresh business as they help one critically analyze the business fully. The urge to continue doing the business depends on how the partners find it after putting the theories in consideration. The main objective of the theories is to come up with a type of business, which is gainful. The partners forego the unprofitable businesses and only take the most profitable one in case they have many choices of business ideas.Market researchIn carrying out the market research, a survey is c arried out in the tower bar of the University of Lincoln. The target group for this survey are the students who are asked on their views about the "Student Lottery" business CITATION Don \l 1033 (Doman 2006). During the survey, telephone calls are made to different students in order to gather data on the lottery. The main reason for using telephone calls is that research has proved that most people in the UK own a phone. Therefore, it is easy to reach out many students in a month; the time allocated to the survey.The telephone survey is also cheaper and more effective than other types of surveys like the mail and in-person survey. The mail surveys, which entail sending questionnaires to the target group, may fail due to unanswered questions as well as their low rates of responsiveness, which is about 3 to 5 percent CITATION Don \l 1033 (Doman 2006). The in-person surveys are tiresome and require many people while approaching a large number of people. The telephone survey is there fore the most appropriate way of carrying out the market research although interviews are also used in this case as they offer a chance for getting clearer feedback. Out of all the students involved, 80% gave a positive review on the "Students Lottery" while the 20% did not like the idea. These results are encouraging and motivate the entrepreneurs in starting up the business as majority of the students like what they are up to.During the process, the entrepreneurs are able to gather different information about their business to be. The students proposes the kinds of presents that they want to be winning, an information that enables the entrepreneurs know what the students like and therefore they can modify it before the business commence CITATION The10 \l 1033 (The Staff of Entrepreneur Media 2010). Apart from that, the entrepreneurs are able to know where the lottery tickets are affordable to the students. The information on the affordability of the tickets helps the entrepreneur s approximate the number on students who can buy the tickets even before starting the business. In case many students complain on the cost of tickets, the entrepreneurs have to reduce it in order to suit the studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s purchasing power.The partners need to have an analysis on their customers who are students and see how long they can rely on them. This step helps in knowing whether the business will grow or will just boom and then fail. Many business enterprises start without the entrepreneurs taking chance in considering the duration the customers will be stuck with them. Another way of finding out whether the business will go further is by ensuring that they have savings for their business. The partners having a joint business should not share all the profit but should share some and save the rest of the money. This amount will be useful when planning to start similar lottery business across the country.Financial planningThe Stu...

20 Quotes on Writing From Famous Authors

What is writing? Ask 20 writers and youll get 20 different answers. But on one point, most seem to agree: writing is hard work. Richard Peck ï » ¿Writing is communication, not self-expression. Nobody in this world wants to read your diary except your mother. Toni Cade Bambara Writing has been for a long time my major tool for self-instruction and self-development. William Stafford I dont see writing as communication of something already discovered, as truths already known. Rather, I see writing as a job of experiment. Its like any discovery job; you dont know whats going to happen until you try it. Sherley Anne Williams I think writing is really a process of communication... Its the sense of being in contact with people who are part of a particular audience that really makes a difference to me in writing. Ursula K. LeGuin Writing makes no noise, except groans, and it can be done everywhere, and it is done alone. Robert Heinlein Writing is not necessarily something to be ashamed of, but do it in private and wash your hands afterwards. Franz Kafka Writing is utter solitude, the descent into the cold abyss of oneself. Carlos Fuentes Writing is a struggle against silence. David Sedaris Writing gives you the illusion of control, and then you realize its just an illusion, that people are going to bring their own stuff into it. Henry Miller Writing is its own reward. Molià ¨re Writing is like prostitution. First you do it for love, and then for a few close friends, and then for money.† J. P. Donleavy Writing is turning ones worst moments into money. Doris Lessing Ive always disliked words like inspiration. Writing is probably like a scientist thinking about some scientific problem or an engineer about an engineering problem. Sinclair Lewis Writing is just work—theres no secret. If you dictate or use a pen or type or write with your toes—its still just work. Suze Orman Writing is hard work, not magic. It begins with deciding why you are writing and whom you are writing for. What is your intent? What do you want the reader to get out of it? What do you want to get out of it. Its also about making a serious time commitment and getting the project done. Gabriel Garcia Marquez Writing is [like] making a table. With both you are working with reality, a material just as hard as wood. Both are full of tricks and techniques. Basically very little magic and a lot of hard work are involved... What is a privilege, however, is to do a job to your satisfaction. Harlan Ellison People on the outside think theres something magical about writing, that you go up in the attic at midnight and cast the bones and come down in the morning with a story, but it isnt like that. You sit in back of the typewriter and you work, and thats all there is to it. Catherine Drinker Bowen Writing, I think, is not apart from living. Writing is a kind of double living. The writer experiences everything twice. Once in reality and once in that mirror which waits always before or behind. E.L. Doctorow Writing is a socially acceptable form of schizophrenia. Jules Renard Writing is the only way to talk without being interrupted.

Disadvantages Of Distance Education - 3790 Words

1. Introduction Distance education (e.g., online course programs, e-learning programs), have presented challenges for both students and instructors, leading to extensive research on the tenets of what constitutes quality learning in the differing virtual settings (Boling, Hough, Krinsky, Saleem, Stevens, 2012; Oncu, Cakir, 2011). Preference of online learning has become the norm for over 25% of students who enroll in an online course at some point during the completion of an undergraduate, graduate or postsecondary level degree (Young, Bruce, 2011; Elaine Allen, Seaman, 2007). Data gathered by the U.S. Department of Education s Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) on Distance Education enrollment from 2012-2014†¦show more content†¦Instructors gravitate towards systematized teaching approaches online in an effort to reduce confusion and increase course completion (Jimoyiannis, 2012). However little research has shown a direct link between course comple tion and structured organization of course content (Mayadas, Bourne, Bacsich, 2009). Studies over the past decade instead suggest bridging traditional face-to-face (F2F) classroom norms in an online setting by building community in an effort to infuse proponents of social learning (Young, Bruce, 2011; Cheung, Liu, Lee, 2015; Garrison, Cleveland-Innes, Fung, 2010). Researchers have argued that what motivates students to acquire new knowledge are interpersonal interactions within a classroom environment (Castillo-Merino, Serradell-Lopez, 2014; Yu, Tian, Vogel, Chi-Wai Kwok, 2010). Findings have indicated that students desire for elements of personal agency have not changed (Castillo-Merino, Serradell-Lopez, 2014; Kuo, Walker, Schroder, Belland, 2014). Zhan, Mei (2013) connected student satisfaction with interpersonal elements of online learning environments, indicating that students preferred online course options which incorporated social elements. Additional studies exploring academic outcomes and increased presence of instructors and student discussions have found that students’ motivation have been impacted by the level of interaction experienced by the student (Robinson, 2011; Harmon,Show MoreRelatedDistance Education Disadvantages1377 Words   |  6 Pagesskin. Distance education can provide people with a way to earn an education if they are on a budget. Distance education, according to â€Å"http://www.qcc.cuny.edu/SocialSciences/ppecorino/China-QCC-DE/Advantages-Disadvantages-DE.html† â€Å"Allows for the internationalization of learning opportunities† â€Å"Centralized resources can produce higher quality materials for distribution† â€Å"has the potential to equalize access to education† they conducted a survey on how the students are engaged in distance educationalRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Distance Education Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pagespossible distance education. Distance education entails imparting of education where the students do not need to be present in an actual class room or lecture theatre but can be connected to their teachers via the internet. This kind of a scenario where the teacher and the student are not necessarily present in the same room but are connected to each other virtually while actually being present in geographically different places is known as distance learning or distance education. 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Online education can be an alternat ive means to classroom instruction. Online instruction allows students to have a flexible schedule while taking college courses. Moreover, flexibility and convenienceRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Online Education1304 Words   |  6 PagesHigher education has been adapting distance education with the same enthusiasm as traditional education in today’s higher learning intuitions. Online education has its advantages and disadvantages. In this paper we are going to explore the advantages and disadvantages and explain ultimately what type of student is best for distant learning based on their own goals and study habits. We can trace distance education origins to mid-19th century Europe. By using the postal system, the architect of distanceRead MoreDisadvantages Of Distance Learning825 Words   |  4 Pagesdisagree, distance learning offers the opportunity to manage life’s daily task and at the same time earn a college education. In Global shapers latest survey of 25,000 young people from across the world, 77.84% reported having taken distance learning courses and 47.79% reported they would continue distance learning courses for certification of other skills needed. Distance learning in college should allow for flexibility, easy methods, and provides benefits to alternative learning. Distance learningRead MoreThe Distance Learning Program Is Not A New Instructional As It Has Really Been Since The 1700s?1746 Words   |  7 PagesDistance-learning program is not a new instructional as it has really been since the 1700s. However, traditional education styles that the teacher standing in front of a classroom is still the mainstream of education at the present. Distance learning has a satisfied and limits faced by teacher but it focuses on student’s requirements and have to use computer and Internet to communicate between learner and teacher. 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Effects Of Counterfeit Product On The Economy Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2554 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? The economy refers to the resources and wealth of country or state. The term is commonly used in the production and usage of goods and services. The country depends on the production and consumption of goods as well services to determine their economy strength (Chaudhry Zimmerman, 2009). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Effects Of Counterfeit Product On The Economy Finance Essay" essay for you Create order The higher the production and usage of products manufactured in the country, the higher the rate of economy growth. It is crucial to note the imports and exports are major boost of the economy when done in the right way. Imports are the goods and services, which coming into a country from another country (Avery, 2008). The exports are the goods and services, which are taken out of a country to another country. Basically, the government is directly engaged in importing and exporting of goods and services. This is done to balance the amount of imports and exports to balance on the countrys economy (Chaudhry Zimmerman, 2009). The presence of unbalanced imports ad export significantly affects the economy. Smuggling of goods and services refers to the uncontrolled import and export of goods and services in a country. People are privately involved in import and export. Some of the questions that this paper will answer include what are the common counterfeit goods? Why do people sell counterfeit goods? What is the government doing to curb smuggling and counterfeit good? What are the results of smuggling goods in various countries? This research will try to investigate the effects of counterfeit and smuggled products in the economy of a country. It will also investigate some counterfeit goods and compare them with the original products. Literature Review: Smuggling activities by individual people deny the government of its revenues, which it charges on products and services leaving and entering the country (Avery, 2008). Since there is no control of imports and exports, more goods are mugged into the country then sold at a cheaper price to promote private gains. The smuggled goods are counterfeit or take the likeness of the produced products in the country. Products usually are charged some fee for certification of sale; however, counterfeit goods are charged any fee, which depletes the government of its resources. Smuggling of goods and services is a crime and punishable by the law. Usually, people try to take chances to benefit by maximizing on their profits. The presence of large amount of imports lowers the economy of a country due to the decreased consumption of local products (Avery, 2008). Therefore, the local products find no market locally and in the export market. The production of the country is decreased because the industries are producing, products, which can be found cheaply from imported goods. The rate at which goods are smuggled into the country lowers the price of the original products, which are produced by the local industries. The lowering of the price causes the industries to experience large losses (OECD, 2007). This can make unable to operate or even close down. On the other hand, export of goods through smuggling also deprives the government of its revenues charges. This decreases the revenue of the country and thus, the country is unable to fund its projects and even carrying out its administrative rights (Avery, 2008). This causes the economy to decrease to very low levels. According to the bureau of counterfeit intelligence in the world, counterfeit goods have become very rampant in the current world. This is because they make up over five percent of the trade in the world (OECD, 2007). The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) asserts that about six hundred billion dollars is lost through counterfeit goods. It adds that some goods are counterfeited and peddled within the same state (OECD, 2007). This has significantly increased the rate of counterfeit goods. The counterfeit goods have a wide range; it includes small consumer goods and large consumer goods such as motorcycles and cars. Some of the small computer g oods include purses, movies, software, watches, computer hardware parts and drugs. According to OECD, counterfeit goods have grown substantially due to the transfer of manufacturing companies to the overseas and the high growth of internet market. The desire of customers to seek out items of lower cost is another cause of the growth of counterfeit goods (OECD, 2007). The United States of America is the worst hit despite being the largest consumer nation in the world. The criterion that counterfeit dealers use to trick their consumers is by using a quality trademark reputation from brand manufacturers. The trademarks used by the counterfeits are from brand manufacturers who have struggled to build for the purpose of their quality products (OECD, 2007). This trademark convinces the consumers that the goods are of best quality. The major factor that has contributed to counterfeit goods is the shift of manufacturers to countries, which have weak protection of property (Avery, 2008). These countries provide the opportunity and technology to peddle counterfeit goods both internally and internationally. According to the recent counterfeit studies, China is the world biggest source of counterfeit goods. Most products being sold internally and in the internet market have been found to be pirated in China (OECD, 2007). Due to the advanced growth of technology and use of computers, there have been high software piracies. China is also ranked first in software piracy. Software piracy has worse repercussions not only on the national economy but also on the global economy. The counterfeit goods market, which is also known as the black market, is bringing much stress to businesses that have their trademarks used in this illegal business. The business puts their resources and struggle in creating a quality trademark, but eventually the counterfeiters take it and use it to sell their pirated goods. The hurting bit is that the counterfeiters use the quality trademark and sell the pirated products at lower prices (Avery, 2008). This makes the quality products from the original manufacturers lack market because they have a high price than the pirated products. This is a major loss for the manufacturers of registered products because they lose market. Businesses are making great efforts to eliminate the counterfeit imposters. The high number of lawsuits from the companies against distributors and manufacturers of counterfeits shows these greats efforts (Yager, 2011). The Chamber of Commerce of the USA states that counterfeit goods are produced in violation of human rights and child laws. This is because they benefit the drug cartels, people smugglers, street gangs and terrorist groups. This shows that market of counterfeit goods affects job, national and international securities negatively (OECD, 2007). This is observed from the groups that are involved in selling counterfeits; they are great threats to the nation and the world as a whole. In this connection, the companies and the government are working hard to design ways of curbing counterfeit activities. On the side of the government, it faces serious threats from its military, health and government corporations. The military using counterfeit equipment is at high security risk. For instance, the USA Senate Committee submitted a report that the military are using counterfeit electronics, which includes surveillance planes and operation helicopters. This puts the military troops at risk of atta ck (Avery, 2008). On the other hand, health is also affected by counterfeit goods such as food, medicines and cigarettes. It has been observed that counterfeit cigarettes contain harmful substances such as asbestos, human excrement, dead files and mold (Avery, 2008). In addition, the foods sold through the black market have been found to contain dangerous chemicals such as melamine in milk. According to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reported that the melamine makes milk seem of have high content of protein, however, it has caused more than one thousand children to be hospitalized and some have died (Yager, 2011). Counterfeit food products is very risky in health issues because not all foods being sold are tested by the regulatory bodies. This makes eating of these foods a health hazard because of the chemicals used in the manufacture and packaging. On the other hand, pharmaceutical medicines are also in the counterfeit medicine. The sale of counterfeit medicine has adverse health and economic eff ects to the individuals taking them and the corporations involved in medicine manufacture and distribution. Research Question: What are the measures and methods available in curbing counterfeit goods and market? Significance of study: The knowledge of measures and methods of preventing counterfeit is very significant to the economy, not only the states economy but also the global economy. This is because the counterfeit market is a multibillion problem that can affect what people watch, eat, wear and the medicine people take. This shows that counterfeit goods are everywhere and is responsible for fake goods and organized transnational crimes. The earlier this fake business is controlled the safer the world. This is because it is a global business, which affects most of the worlds industries such as, software, health, media and music, security and the manufacturing industries (Yager, 2011). According to Avery (2008), some of the world governments have installed some measures to curb counterfeit business. These measures include threaten people who buy counterfeit goods with imprisonment and big fines. The governments are also making treaties aiming eradication of counterfeit and piracy (Avery, 2008). Other measures include creating bodies that will obtain better information and tips of detecting fake goods. On the other side, the companies are developing new ways of branding their products to prevent imposters. Some of these ways include use of special inks, watermarks and Radio- Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. RFID technology involves tagging the product crates with chips, which are used to send authentication signals. In addition, the newest and the most authentic method is the one involving integrating the original products with special genetic tags, which their DNA is read to ensure it is not fake (Avery, 2008). This study aims at enlightening the people on the effects of counterfeit goods on their bodies. It also involves providing methods to identify fake goods, which can cause problems in the body. By understanding the methods used in detecting counterfeits, it promotes significantly the field of criminal justice. The parties involved in counterfeit market can be easily identified and prosecuted according to the law. The society will benefit in various ways such as knowledge of detecting fake goods, knowledge of the effects of the counterfeit goods and the economy will grow substantially. The decrease and eradication of counterfeit goods and piracy will improve sectors of economy such as employment, manufacturing and health. Methodology: In this section, it will involve the methods of data gathering to be used in this research study. As stated earlier, the research question is; what are the measures and methods available in curbing counterfeit goods and market? The methods to be used will collect the measures and methods that people and government regulatory body officials use in identifying fake products. The methods include use of questionnaire and interviews. The questionnaires will used to collect data from the regulatory officials, while interviews will be used to common people who purchase the consumer products. Questionnaire will be used in this study because they are cost effective and easy data analysis. Questionnaires are cheap as compared to interviews especially face-to-face interviews. Entry of data and tabulation can be easily prepared even using packages of computer software. In addition, questionnaires are familiar to many people, reduce bias and less disturbing than telephone or interview. People fill in the questionnaires according to their understanding and not the researchers opinion hence reducing biasness. On the hand questionnaires can be completed at own time schedule and this reduces interruptions from ones work. Questionnaires, however, have limitations such as people unwilling to answer the questions, untruthfulness, rigidity where they give no room for explanation and open-ended questionnaire may contain large data amount, which takes long time to analyze. On the other hand, interview is preferred because several reasons such as asking detailed questions, high response rat and ambiguities can be clarified easily. The limitations of interviews include time consuming, costly and interviewers ask questions differently, which can affect the responses The data collection will be done in fourteen days so that the people filling the questionnaires will have sufficient time to complete. This will enhance reliable responses from the clients. The people to be interviewed will be questioned for about thirty minutes on how they detect fake consumer goods and if they know any other methods, the government is using to prevent counterfeit goods. Sampling method: In this study, the middle aged people in supermarkets, employee of various manufacturing companies and government regulatory body officials especially the Food and Administration (FDA) officials. The sample group will consist of twenty regulatory body officials, who will receive the questionnaires through email. There will be about fifty people to be interviewed. This sample group is a probability sample. Probability sample involves use of random selection of participants in a certain study. This type of sampling is useful in this study because it enhances each participant in this study to have equal chances of participation. This type of sampling ensures that the population of study is well represented. This shows that the data collected from the sample group will represent the whole population of the study. The probability sampling is the best method to use due to various reasons. One of the reasons includes representativeness and fairness. This is because each person has an equal chance of being selected and everyone feels represented. This method is also flexible in the process of setting inclusion probabilities for sampling frame elements. Using this sampling method is easy. Ina addition, analysis of data is made easier. It raises no doubts that there is some data, which is missing. The population being used in this study is hard to get, therefore, use of probability sampling ensures the people involved are available and data is taken efficiently. This is difficult to achieve in non-probability sampling, which can give biased data, improper representation of the population of study. The data collected in non-probability sampling is biased and in most cases it is less to what the researcher expected. The probability method of sampling involves some tasks such as using a simple random selection table and use of computer software in random selection of sample group. Use of these simple criteria makes this method of sampling easy to use and time saving. In contrast, non- probability sampling is time consuming and tiring. This is because sampling is done by initial thorough analysis of the population of study, which takes some time to finish. In conclusion, the research study will use probability-sampling method because it satisfies the required in this kind of study. Confidentiality: After collecting data from the sample group, the people involved need their privacy to be protected. The participants will sign a consent form, which includes the terms of how the data provided will be handled. It is important to note, most of the people in this study are respected officials in the country, and therefore, their privacy should be taken handled with much care. To implement the protection of privacy, the report from this data will not include their names. This step will protect the participants from potential physical and psychological harm. The research report will contain code numbers for the respondents instead of using names. In addition, the results, which contain respondents names will locked in safe place. By doing this, the pricy of the respondents will be safe.

A Chariot Racing Day in the Roman Times Essay - 1249 Words

A Chariot Racing Day in the Roman Times The Circus Maximus was the oldest and the largest of all the circuses where chariot races took place holding up to 250, 000 spectators. It was traditionally founded in the sixth century BC by Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth king of Rome. In 329 BC, permanent starting gates were constructed and, in 174 BC, that they were rebuilt and seven large wooden eggs were set up to indicate the completion of each lap. The track was originally formed by the low ground of the valley. Inside, the track was covered with a bed of sand which sparkled with bright mineral grain. The lower seat tier was made out of marble, the second was made out of wood and the third seemed to†¦show more content†¦The Emperor had a favourite horse called Incitatus. Incitus had a marble stable, an ivory stall, purple blankets, and a jewelled collar. Horses like Incitatus must have been very lucky. Some people in the crowd looked for powerful beauty of the stallions, the richness of their accoutrements, perfection of their training and all the agility and bravery of the drivers and riders. Some people watched it because they gambled money into it. A few minorities hated chariot racing. A Roman called Pliny is one of them. He couldnt understand the appeal of the circus. Chariot races but I am not the least bit interested in that kind of entertainment. He explains his point of view by saying Theres never anything new or different. Hes amazed by the amount of people who watch it and thinks those people are childish. I am amazed that so many thousands of men time after time have such as childish desire to see horses and men driving chariots. He thinks if spectators watch the beauty and running of the horses, then that would be good but complains that isnt the case. They are only interested in the winning horse. 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Strengths And Weakness Of Writing For Nurses - 799 Words

The purpose of this paper is to promote the enhancement of one’s writing skills through recognition of various strengths and weaknesses. This heightened awareness of one’s self will promote appropriate interventions that may be warranted in order to see changes in writing proficiency. Strengths and Weakness of Writing for Nurses As a nurse, one is more experienced in documenting objective assessments and evidenced based interventions (Diehl, 2007). Registered nurses are accomplished with shorthand writing style that one may have forgotten how to analytically write. An integral skill that this nurse has utilized since undergraduate years is the ability to draft ideas prior to initiating any written pieces. Creating a rough draft allows a person to liberally compose and put thoughts into perspective. A stronger thesis is formulated by evaluating the correlation of the claims with the main point, while eliminating any unnecessary redundancies. 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The Beltway Sniper Attacks free essay sample

The Beltway sniper attacks (also known as the DC sniper) began October 2, 2002, with a series of vie fatal shootings in Montgomery County, Maryland, a northern suburb of Washington, and continued for the next three weeks in the Washington metropolitan area. Police received messages left at the murder locations and believe the killer may have worked in concert with another person. The shootings occurred at gas stations, supermarkets, restaurants, and schools. The victims were selected randomly, crossing racial, gender, and socioeconomic categories.The locations of the attacks always had close freeway access. No one was safe, not even children. News reports Indicated the sniper was using a high powered rifle and adhering to the snipers reed, one shot, one kill. As the victims and body counts continued to grow, all hoped for some way to stop and apprehend the sniper. The police department tried almost everything to find the gunman. They opened up a dedicated phone line to urge anyone with information related to the sniper attacks to contact them. We will write a custom essay sample on The Beltway Sniper Attacks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The police department also published tips on How to Be a Good Witness in the newspaper. The FBI worked closely with the police, supplying criminologists and psychological profiles. Customs also played an important role in the investigation, providing dedicated air support to assist the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (TAFT) and other law enforcement agencies In their efforts to identify, track, and stop the Beltway Sniper. On October 12, three Star helicopters and one Black Hawk helicopter plus crews began operations from Sterling, Va.Customs aircraft responded to all shootings that occurred after October 12 and provided regular patrols, surveillance during warrant executions, and transportation support for TAFT agents and other law enforcement personnel. On October 24, three weeks later, there was finally a break in the case. Police received a tip that the suspect car was at a rest stop in Maryland. TAFT contacted for assistance related to the arrest of the suspect. In response, a Customs Black Hawk and Star helicopter, with TAFT personnel on board, flew to the scene in Maryland and Joined the FBI in providing aerial surveillance during the arrest.After the arrest of the two suspects was completed successfully, all aviation assets were released and returned to their bases. The police departments plan Included an average of 20 flight hours per day in support of the sniper task force. This was a threat to national security because Innocent Americans were getting killed by terrorist. The terrorists goals are to make Americans afraid of vying their daily lives, and thats what happened in this case. Americans were afraid civilians not US soldiers.

COMPUTER SILUTIONS Essay Example For Students

COMPUTER SILUTIONS Essay WARSIM 2000 is simulation software, used by the armed forces. Extensive, thorough, and tiring work has been done on this program. It covers almost all aspects and situations required for realistic, meticulous and a complete simulation. Information Technology has lead to the advancement of the tools required to build the simulator. Information Technologys guidelines and technology have reinforced this General Description of Operational Capability. WARSIM 2000 will increase the effectiveness of commander and battle staff training by dramatically increasing the realism and the scope of the available training environment. In conjunction with other services simulations, WARSIM 2000 will provide a complete operational environment with scenarios drawn from the entire operational continuum to support Army, joint and coalition force training distributed across the globe. a. The WARSIM 2000 simulation system will use a computer-based simulation and associated hardware to support the training of unit commanders and their battle staffs from battalion through theater-level as well as to support training events in educational institutions. Designed and built using modern computer technology, modern software engineering techniques, and validatedalgorithms and databases, it will allow units world-wide to train using their organizational equipment. A key feature of the system will be its use of technology to minimize the total Armys overhead associated with supporting training. The system will be designed to meet emerging Simulation (DIS) standards and protocols to facilitate linkages with DIS compliant simulators and live training events. b. The WARSIM 2000 simulation system will consist of, or use, several (1) Computer-based battle simulation models that portray the joint and combined environment needed to support Army training events. (2) Software modules for linking WARSIM 2000 to other simulation models to expand the training environment for joint force training (4) Comp uter systems to run the simulation models and support (5) Technical control systems/workstations for use by personnel in an exercise support function e.g., simulation controllers, analysts, and opposing/ surrounding forces role players. We will write a custom essay on COMPUTER SILUTIONS specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now (6) Flexible and responsive terrestrial/satellite communications gateways and media for transmitting voice, data, facsimile, and video between different elements at remote locations involved in supporting a c. WARSIM 2000 will meet the Mission Need Statements (MNSs) requirement for providing a training environment that will allow unit commanders and battle staffs to focus their war fighters and systems in countering threats across the operational continuum. WARSIM 2000 must provide an environment that presents problems to stress and stimulate commanders and their battle staff to assess the situation, determine courses of action, and plan and issue new orders in a timely manner, all while using their organizational equipment and procedures. d. Logistical support for WARSIM 2000 will be based on a government- owned contractor-supported system. The government will own necessary hardware, have all proprietary rights to the developmental hardware and software components, and full licens e rights to the non-developmental software components of WARSIM 2000. Contracted logistical support will provide for the maintenance of government-owned computer hardware at all e. The acquisition and development strategy for WARSIM 2000 must (1) The WARSIM 2000 acquisition must build upon the successful infrastructure of current simulations so that the training community (Army and international) can train in an evolutionary progressive yet consistent manner. The Army has invested significant resources into developing its training simulation systems, linking them with other service simulations via the Aggregate LevelSimulation Protocol confederation, and proliferating them throughout the Army and the international community. While these systems have shortcomings that must be fixed, they provide a training environment and representations of combat that have been accepted by the training community world-wide. The WARSIM 2000 acquisition must allow the confederation of simulations str ucture to evolvein a manner that allows current users (Army and international) to maintain access to the confederation without having to make a substantial near-term investment in resources. (2) Meeting the WARSIM 2000 requirements will demand significant technological innovations. However, there are many existing and developing systems that could and should be part of the overall solution. The acquisition strategy must ensure that developers optimize the investment of each service in existing systems (instead of starting from a blank sheet of paper) and insert technology into the training environment in a way that improves training. (3) Fielding of new capabilities, whether they be functional representations or technological enhancements, must be either practically transparent to the user or be accompanied by training so the user can understand and receive the benefit of the new capabilities. (4 The acquisition strategy must allow for regular user involvement in the development process. User evaluations and requirements must serve as a primary source for determining changes to 2. Threat. Rather than counter a specific threat, WARSIM will provide a training environment capable of representing threats from across the 3. Shortcomings of Existing Systems. Current simulations were designed for training corps and division staffs on command and control techniques for Army operations in mid-intensity combat. Current software is bound to proprietary operating systems and hardware. The software design, especially the underlying representation of terrain, precludes representing the detailed functionality required for resolving the high resolution interactions needed to train commanders and battle staffs at levels from battalion to operational levelcommanders in joint scenarios for war and operations other than war. .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 , .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .postImageUrl , .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 , .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9:hover , .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9:visited , .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9:active { border:0!important; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9:active , .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9 .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4bded28886fa558c4ffd98d503bb64f9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Christian Coaching: Helping Others Turn Potential into Reality Essay4. Capabilities Required. WARSIM 2000 will support commander and battle staff training from battalion up to theater level. While the major simulation models of WARSIM 2000 will run on computers housed in fixed regional facilities, transportable Simulation Support Modules (SSMs) will provide support functions under the control of a senior controller at locations near the training unit. Users of the simulation will train under the guidance of a senior trainer, usually the units commander, the next higher level commander, or an instructor at institutions. WARSIM will provide users a complete training environm ent consisting of simulations, data, support functions and communications. a. System Performance. The following description of requirements for the WARSIM 2000 training environment addresses in turn each of the functional components described in paragraph 1.b. (1) The Simulation. WARSIM 2000s simulation component must have the following functional characteristics. (a) General Attributes. (i) Size. The model must be large enough to support a multi- echelon corps or theater exercise. The model must also be able to link to other copies of itself to support larger exercises. The simulation must also be able to support multiple, concurrent, smaller training exercises, such as several battalion headquarters training (ii) Weather. The simulation must accurately portray the impact that weather elements have on operations (space, air, and ground). At a minimum, the simulation must account for the following weather elements: cloud amount and height, visibility, restrictions to visibility (e.g. precipitation, fog, smoke, dust and sand), precipitation accumulation, surface wind direction andspeed, temperature, relative humidity, altimeter setting, and solar and lunar light data. These weather elements must be allowed to range from tropical to arctic regions, to vary over the geographic area of interest, and to change as often as hourly. In addition, wind direction and speed and temperature in a vertical profile up to 70,000 feet must be allowed to impact Nuclear Biological and ChemicalNBC) weapons with changes incorporated at least twice per day. (iii) Terrain. The simulation must provide a level of resolution of terrain such that tactical considerations of terrain analysis and the dynamic effects of man-made or natural occurrences (e.g. bomb craters, minefields, battle damage on roads, the obstacle effect of rivers, hydrography, and weather) as considered during Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB) will affect the battle. The minimum acceptable tactical considerations include the following areas: the impact of line-of-sight (to include sonar and electromagnetic spectrum considerations of concealment, thermal, optical and radar visibility, and signal site emplacement) between potential interactors whether they be sensors or weapon systems, air, ship, or ground mounted; the ability of terrain to support the movement of personnel, vehicles and units over time, and the accurate portrayal of the location of natural and man-made obstacles. The outcomes of the simulated events must be sensitive to changes in the weath er (described above in paragraph 4.a.(1)(a)(ii)) as it affects terrain. (iv) Time. The simulation must be capable of running faster than real time to a pre-defined point in time or an event, while requiring minimal input, and providing summarized output. Users must be able to age the simulation to accommodate a training scenario that describes actions in the midst of a campaign. The senior controller must be able to have the simulation start, stop/interrupt, rollback to any specified point in scenario, restart from a given point or the initial conditions and conduct concurrent replay. The seniorcontroller must have the capability to change any attributes of the simulated entities or the game characteristics at any time. (b) Conditions and Constraints. (i) Scenarios. The goal is for the simulation to portray events that could arise from scenarios based on any point in the operational continuum. At a minimum, requirements are for scenarios for war in Europe, Southwest Asia, Southeast Asia and Korea and for operations other than war in these locations as well as Central and (ii) Fidelity. The simulation must allow commanders and battle staffs to do their tasks under the conditions and standards outlined in the Army Training and Evaluation Program Mission Training Plans (MTPs) for command groups and staff referenced in Appendix 1 to (iii) Level of Detail. The simulation must be able to portray a level of detail that captures the effects of individual entities on the battle, e.g., single weapon platform, emitter, and sensor systems. Entities that operate near each other as cohesive units can be portrayed in aggregated units from team to battalion that represent the normal mode of employment. Individual, low-density, entities that op erate in a geographically dispersed mode must be portrayed as they are employed, e.g., signal nodes, radars, jammers, missile and rocket systems, engineer obstacle systems, and individual surveillance and laser designation systems. All systems will be portrayed using performance data appropriate to the level of (iv) Reports. The simulation must provide feedback to the training unit by sending reports of simulated events. These reports must be formatted in a doctrinally correct fashion and occur in a time-appropriate banner. The reports must not reveal all of ground truth but reflect that information that the simulated unit would reasonably know given its status, time removed from the reported incident, and (v) Human Factors. The simulation must portray the effects of operations on the human condition as it relates to combat effectiveness. At a minimum, the simulation must consider unit morale and cohesion, time subject to hostile actions, availability of religious support, unit at trition rate over time, weather, and operational tempo. .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 , .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .postImageUrl , .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 , .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10:hover , .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10:visited , .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10:active { border:0!important; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10:active , .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10 .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubcd7ffd8bbe3d253573a8053eb192d10:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Canada's Copyright Law Essay (vi) Simulated Mistakes. The simulation must cause simulated entities to make mistakes based on a predetermined level of training and a variable combat effectiveness determined by human factors . The mistakes should be of two types: mistakes in actions taken and mistakes in actions reported. Mistakes in actions taken fall along the lines of getting lost e.g., arriving at or attacking the wrong location, delivering the improper quantities of supplies, or delivering the wrong supplies. These types of mistakes will change the ground truth of the simulation. Along with reports that are accurate but incomplete, other reports will contain information that is different from ground truth. These mistakes in reporting will occur when a simulated unit makes a report to the training unit that conflicts with ground truth in the simulation. These mistaken reports will not change ground truth. The simulation must have the ability to provide the correct information if challenged for confirmation. The level of training and combat effectiveness must change over exercise time with a corresponding change in the number of mistakes. The senior trainer must have the capability to cause a simulated unit to make specific mistakes during the exercise. The senior trainer must be able to easily adjust the severity and frequency of simulated mistakes during an exercise to include being able to set the level to zero, in effect turning off the mistakes. The senior trainer and the After Action Review systems must have access to both ground truth and mistakes data. (vii) Surrounding Units. Training units, to include combat, combat support, and combat service support units that support maneuver brigades, must be able to interact with the simulation without the presence of any other units. This will require the simulation to emulate forward, flank and rear units, supported and supporting units, as well as the next higher and lower echelon units, that would normally exist on the battlefield, but are not present for the particular training event. The simulation must be able to portray dynamic scenario and event dependent intelligence and reports concerning the activities of these units as well as their requests for information and resources (viii) Multi-Level Input/Output. The simulation must be able to accommodate an exercise where different levels (division, igade, battalion) are interacting with the simulation. Each level must be able to train using the simulation by issuing only its normal orders and instructions to the simulation while recei ving only its normal reports and data from all sources. The simulation must receive and present its information in the format and level of detail appropriate to the training unit. The simulation-provided information must not always be 100 percent accurate. The information should at times contain errors that one could expect to obtain in a realistic setting. Bibliography:WARSIM 2000, The Few, The Proud, The hey theyre not there! Article #45, SIRS Encyclopedias, Applied Science, 1994.